Characteristics Of Willy Loman A Tragic Hero - 834 Words

Willy Loman a Tragic Hero? Death Of a Salesman is a 1949 play written by american playwright Arthur Miller. It is a breathtaking play about Willy Loman, a salesman, trying to chase a dream that died long ago. It expresses how the old man’s life comes crumbling down with his last few attempts to make some of his dream reality and help his family in debt. Now people are debating weather Willy loman fits the right characteristics to be classified as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who makes a judgment error that eventually leads to their destruction. Arthur Miller believes the common man makes the best tragic hero. That leads me to believe Willy Loman is a tragic hero. Though Willy Loman may not fit the classical model of a tragic†¦show more content†¦Willy (shaking Ben’s hand): Ben! I’ve been waiting for you so long! What’s the answer? How did you do it? Ben: Oh, there’s a story in that. Even his Illusion of Ben tries to talk him out of chasing this idea. Willy can’t do it and the only option he can see to help his family and, make his dream somewhat reality, was suicide (Death Of a Salesman Act 1) That brings up his fate. Willy Loman takes his own life as a last attempt to help his family with health care debt and achieving his dream. He bought seeds to plant in the garden. He did this so that after he was gone he would be remembered for being good at something. Once that was done he has one final talk with Ben and crashes into a tree to make his death appear like an accident. Only his small family and (name) attended his funeral. He was only remembered by them and liked but not well liked. He didn’t deserve to have his dream come true. Really he wasn’t a good person. He lied and had an affair with his wife Linda. (Music is heard as behind a scrim, to the left of the house; The woman, dimly seen, is dressing.) Willy (with great feeling): You’re the best there is Linda, you’re a pal, you know that? On the road I want to grab you sometimes and just kiss the life outa you. (The laughter is loud now, and he moves into a brightening area at the left, where The Woman has come from behind the scrim and is standing, putting on her hat,Show MoreRelated Willy Loman as a Tragic Hero in Death of a Salesman Essay examples919 Words   |  4 PagesWilly Loman as Tragic Hero in Death of a Salesman Willy Loman, the troubled father and husband in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman, can be classified as a tragic hero, as defined by Aristotle in his work, Poetics. In Aristotles Poetics, a tragic hero was defined as one who falls from grace into a state of extreme despair. Willy, as we are introduced to him, becomes increasingly miserable as he progresses from a dedicated, loving father, though not without flaws, into a suicidal, delusionalRead MoreEssay about The American Dream in Death of a Salesman1371 Words   |  6 Pagesview of Willy Loman as a tragic hero because he is convinced that the way to achieve a better life is by living the American Dream. Willy Loman believes that he will find success with the American Dream through his likable personality. Yet, he dies without it, which adds to his tragic downfall. In the play, the American Dream is a misguided perception of success by both Willy Loman and his family. For Willy, the key to achieving success is being well liked. This is a concept that Willy Loman regardsRead More Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller: Willy Loman is NOT a Tragic Hero987 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman by Arthur Miller: Willy Loman is NOT a Tragic Hero In The Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, it is argued weather that Willy Loman is a tragic hero. There are cases for both classifications of Willy. By definition, a tragic hero is a person born into nobility, is responsible for their own fate, endowed with a tragic flaw, and doomed to make a serious error in judgment. The tragic hero eventually falls from great esteem. They realize they have made an irreversible mistakeRead More Willy Loman as Tragic Hero of Death of a Salesman Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesWilly Loman as Tragic Hero of Death of a Salesman       Willy Loman, the title character of the play, Death of Salesman, exhibits all the characteristics of a modern tragic hero. This essay will support this thesis by drawing on examples from Medea by Euripedes, Poetics by Aristotle, Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, and Shakespeares Julius Caesar, while comments by Moss, Gordon, and Nourse reinforce the thesis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Death of Salesman, by Arthur Miller, fits the characteristics of classicRead MoreWilly Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1218 Words   |  5 PagesWilly Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Should Willy Loman of Arthur Millers classic, Death of a Salesman be regarded as a tragic hero, or merely a working-class, socially inadequate failure? Described by Miller as a self-destructive, insecure anti-hero, it seems almost impossible for Loman to be what is known as a tragic hero in the classical sense, but with the inclusion of other factors he maybe a tragic hero, at least in the modernRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesstory, which represents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Irving 247). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that leadRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagessad story, which represents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tra gedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that leadRead MoreWilly Loman Tragic Hero Analysis971 Words   |  4 Pagesor affair; disaster†. The main character, Willy Loman, shows how one dream can become a disaster through his impractical dreams and failing at achieving these goals. Not only does he fail at his dreams, he participates in an affair that is against morals. The idea of a tragic hero is defined as â€Å"a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy who is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat†. Miller believes that the common man is the best tragic hero because it shows that the average, everydayRead MoreDeath of a Salesman: an American Tradgedy1414 Words   |  6 Pageswith a tragic flaw that eventually causes and leads to their downfall. A tragic hero, according to Aristotle, is one who comes from a high background , with a high status and noble, valuable characteristics. The hero will eventually fall due to their tragic flaw, and will come to a tragic realization of the error of their ways during this process. Death of A Salesman by Arthur Miller is indeed an American Tragedy, but the question is, is Willy Loman a tragic hero? First of all, Willy Loman is notRead MoreDeath of a Salesman1332 Words   |  5 Pagesplay’s titular character in Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman is viewed by many as the definitive modern tragic hero of modern literature. He is a man struggling to gain upward mobility in a society designed to keep him in the trenches. The classic idea of a tragic hero is an important person who falls from a lofty seat in life. Willy, however, is just a common man trying to get to a place he can fall from. According to Arthur Miller, a tragic hero need not be a king or anyone of high rank. What’s

A Brief Note On Race, And Gender Discrimination - 1195 Words

Literature Review Discrimination will be the main focus on the research for this paper. The two types of discrimination which I will be focusing on is race, and gender. Gender discrimination is very high in the workforce. I will be primarily focusing on gender discrimination against women in the workforce. Women had to fight for the right to vote. Although they have the right to work they have many hardships in the workforce. Gender discrimination happens in various different occasions, and is developed through a child s parents. Usually when children are biased and make racist remarks, it was developed from things that their parents have taught them. Any type discrimination starts at home usually. Stereotypes and other beliefs can be learned at school, which would be called institutional racism. These are two types of discrimination which I have experienced a lot throughout my life. I support the research which I have done. I support it because I can agree on many different examples, which I have pe rsonally experienced myself. Women are discriminated against in the workforce on a daily basis. It is extremely hard for a women to move up in positions at work, especially compared to a man. This is one of the many reasons women have a hard time attaining a high income. Women are also often put to work at places that had little respect, but when they are given jobs that are worthy of a lot of respect they still do not get it. I have personally experienced this myself. I workShow MoreRelatedEssay on Is Censorship Justified?1174 Words   |  5 PagesIs Censorship Justified? Ever wondered the reason behind racial discrimination, sexual discrimination, children committing crime or violence? The main reason is that censorship is not properly imposed or there is a need of censorship in the society. Censorship is the suppression of ideas and information that certain people, individual, groups or government officials find it objectionable, offensive or dangerous on others. 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I demonstrate that had Chiang usedRead MoreThe Service of Three Different Discriminatory Practices in Health and Social Settings1455 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween different categories of people or their beliefs and practices, centred around race, age, gender, religion, sexual orientation and disability. Although there are many laws in place to protect individual rights against discrimination such as the Equality Act 2010, there are still cases of it occurrin g in many different situations including within the health and social care system. One type of discrimination which occurs regularly is Racism. Racism can be defined as possessing certain viewsRead MoreDeveloping Product Knowledge Of The Coffee Shop Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagessources and summarise the information that these references can provide to assist you developing the knowledge of selected products or services. 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Discrimination On Smokers free essay sample

1) I don’t agree that today’s discrimination against smokers is equivalent to now illegal racial and gender discrimination years ago. This is because, smoking has got nothing to do with the society’s perception towards smokers. Smoking is being accepted as a social norm by many individuals. Media has been portraying smokers and smoking as a cool and normal thing to be done. Although few individuals in the society has been fighting against smokers, but if we the majority society, don’t really have an issue about smokers. Moreover, smokers also have their own protection law. In the United States Smoker Protection Laws are state statutes that prevent employers from discriminating against employees for using tobacco products. So this shows that there are not many discrimination against smokers. Although employers can keep their workplace, smoke free, they can’t stop their workers form smoking during their free time. Illegal racial and gender discrimination however was a serious issue back then. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination On Smokers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People was more open to make discrimination against race and gender. It is also important to keep in mind that there was no any law amended to protect equal racial and gender rights at that time. Society wasn’t really into accepting people from other races or gender holding higher position or post in work place. So they were very open in discriminating. Since their victim of discrimination are minorities, there is nothing can be done. Compared to smokers. They are in majority numbers, so their chances of getting discriminated are lower, compared to racial and gender discrimination victims. This is because, society always attacks the minority or weaker race or gender.

Life Cycle Costing Finding free essay sample

In management accounting, there are various costing methods applicable to use in practice. Some of practitioners are familiar with job order costing, process costing and activity based costing. The key idea is to apply the right costing method in the right situation. Life cycle costing (LCC) offers another choice to the user. It is usually found in manufacturing, construction, software companies and product development. As we know, consumer and manager need to make decision on the cost of acquisition and cost of ongoing use of many different assets like equipment, motor vehicle, plant and other. As it seems, the key factor to influence the decision of acquisition on assets is the initial capital cost. In addition, the unrealized cost such as ongoing operation and maintenance cost should be considered before the decision making is made. Life cycle Costing is a process to determine the sum of all the costs related with an asset throughout its life which include acquisition, installation, operations, maintenance, renovation and disposal costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Cycle Costing Finding or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, if the managers want to buy the motor vehicle for the purpose of company. They are needed to consider the whole life cycle costing such as their maintenance, their operation, their initial acquisition, and other factor which can give more information to decision maker to make the better decision. This report sets out to address what LCC, why LCC, when LCC, how LCC use on the manufacturing industry. The aim is to provide a clear understanding toward life cycle costing in theory and practise. FINDINGS 1. ) Life Cycle Costing Life cycle costing is estimates and accumulated costs over a product’s entire life cycle in order to determine whether the profits earned during the manufacturing phase will cover the cost incurred during during the pre- (upstream) and post- (downstream) stage. By understand on how to identifying the cost incurred during the different stage of product life cycle, it might help the manager to manage the total costs incurred throughout its life cycle. In addition, life cycle costing is also helps managements deeply understanding the cost consequences of developing and making a product and to identify area in which may cost reduction effective. 1. 1) Life Cycle Costing Concepts The process of Live Cycle Costing involves: I. Assessing costs arising from an asset over its life cycle. Asset life cycle consist of various phase which are planning, acquisition, managing, distribution, and disposition. Though the asset life cycle, all the cost arising from each phase must be estimated at the earlier stage to facilitate in the cost reduction. The acquirer should consider all relevant cost because it is not only about the initial investment and acquisition cost, but all cost occurred over the anticipated life cycle of the assets. II. Evaluating alternative that have an effect on the cost of ownership. The comparisons of asset alternative whether it is at the concept or detailed design level should be evaluate in order to achieve better outcomes from the assets. Each alternative may have different pros and cons. Selecting unfriendly alternative may affect all the cost incurred during the period of ownership. Therefore, a thorough evaluation shall be made to avoid unwanted circumstances. For example, the mobile phone industry such as Nokia, Samsung, HTC and other is a fast moving product. Life cycles are short, mobile phone manufacturers spent lots of money on RD and they have to recover these costs in a short period of time. This explains why newly released mobile phones are sold at such high prices. 1. 2) Reason for use Life Cycle Costing I. Comparison of asset alternatives to achieve better outcome from asset. Each asset alternatives should be evaluated so that it will assess the risk and benefit on every alternatives. A strategize development and implementation of plans and programs for the assets should be done to ensure that the assets operational objectives are achieved at optimum cost. II. Essential in determination of cost in the asset management process. It is important to identifying the cost in the asset management process whether the asset should be acquired, upgraded, maintained, or disposed of. It will serve a framework on how the asset will be acquired; planning for the upgrade and maintenance and disposal process will be managed. III. As managers’ tools in asset. An effective asset manager’ tools will help in delivering company objective effectively and efficiently. In addition, the manager’s tools will be helps by systematic tools like economic appraisal, financial appraisal, value management, risk management and demand management in weighing up the costs and benefits, risks, objective, revenues and expenditures. IV. Enables the decision maker to balance the performance, reliability, maintain abilities and other goals against life cycle costs. In order to achieve the outcomes that reflect performance, reliability and ability, the proper planning, allocation of resources and evaluation of the performance should relate each other and fit together. 1. 3) It can be used in three stages Life cycle costing should be applied when there are three stages: I. The conceptual stage: This is the stage when the initial proposal for investments is being considered. It is to estimate the future cost and provision to be made over the life of the assets. For example, the different type and designs of machine to increase the sales production for the manufacturing industry. II. The acquisition stage. This is the stage where the supplier for the assets is being assessed. It is to assist in the selection of the most cost-effective option. III. The service stage. The stage of decision making on whether to maintain, improve or dispose of the assets. It is to improve the cost effectiveness of the production as well as to improve the specification of future assets. For example, when automotive manufacturing products their car product, they are improving their quality of car. So that to ensure the customer still keeps loyalty to buy their car for future. 1. 4) Estimate Life Cycle Costing The formula to calculate the life cycle costing: Life Cycle Costing = Capital Cost + Life Time Operating Cost + Life Time Maintenance Costs + Disposal Cost – Residual Value 1. 4. 1) Product life cycle: relationship between costs committed and costs incurred Product Life Cycle Phases Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between costs committed and costs incurred in the life cycle costing. It involves three stages of a product’s life cycle, the planning and design stage, the manufacturing stage and the service and distribution stage. Committed or locked-in costs are costs have not been incurred currently but that will be incurred in the future after the decision basis has been made. Costs are incurred when a resource is sacrificed or used. A system of costing is the record cost only had been done when they have been incurred. Furthermore, the costs that have been committed are difficult to be alter. The pattern of cost commitment and incurrence will vary based on the industry and specific product introduced. During the planning and design stage, the cost management can be most effectively exercised compared to the manufacturing stage when the product design and processes have already identified and costs have been committed. At the post sales service and distribution phase, its focus more on cost containment than cost management. 1. 4. 2) Life Cycle Costing Model The information should be obtained before selecting a model. This is to ensure that the analysis can be made. Evaluation should be made in considering the applicability of all cost factors, empirical relationship, constants, elements and variables. Life cycle costing model should: I. Represent the characteristic of the asset being analyzed. It includes the intended use environment, maintenance concept, operating and maintenance support scenarios and any constraints and limitations. II. Comprehensive to include and highlight the relevant factors to the Life Cycle Costing asset. III. Easy to understand in order to permit timely decision making, future updates and modification. IV. Evaluate the specific Life Cycle Costing elements independently of other costing elements. 1. 4. 3) Life Cycle Costing Breakdown into Asset Cost Some element need to be identified in Life Cycle Costing. This is because it requires the breakdown of the asset into its part of cost elements over time. The elements that should be considered are: I. Significant amount of cost that generate components of activity. II. Time in the life cycle when conducting the activity. III. Resources cost categories that relevant such as material, labor, overhead, transportation and others. 1. 4. 4) Benefits of Life Cycle Costing The benefits the manager can gain from Life cycle costing are: I. Planning and analysis of alternative solutions. It is to serve a framework to document and compare the alternatives to achieve significant cost benefits. Life cycle costing concept will give earlier actions to produce revenue or to lower costs. II. Selection of preferred alternatives. The decision maker can use the information for the selection process with the life cycle costing analysis. Better decision should follow from more realistic and accurate assessment of cost and revenue. III. Securing funding. The comparison between the alternatives that have different cash flow patterns over time is important. This is because there are corporate cash flows issues that need to be considered. Life cycle costing analyses provide a basis for projecting cash requirements. IV. Review. The life cycle costing can serve confirmation of the reliability of the life cycle costing model. Besides, the credibility of future life cycle costing plans can be achieved. 1. 4. 5) Life Cycle Costing Process Life cycle costing involves six stages which are: Stage 1: Plan Life Cycle Costing The documentation of the plan needs to be done at the beginning to serve a framework of life cycle costing. This plan must be review to ensure the plan has been interpret correctly and address clearly. Stage 2: Select or Develop Life Cycle Costing Model All relevant categories of cost that will happen in phases of life cycle should be identified. Select a method for estimating the associated cost and develop the estimates. Stage 3: Apply Life Cycle Costing Model Life cycle costing model need to be validated and obtain the model results from each relevant combinations and support scenarios defined in the analysis plan. Stage 4 : Document and Review Life Cycle Costing Results The documentation of the results should be done to ensure the users understand clearly the results and affects of the analysis along with the constraints and uncertainties associated with the result. Stage 5 : Prepare Life Cycle Costing Analysis Life cost analysis used to control and manage the ongoing costs of assets or part thereof. It involves review and development of the life cycle costing model as a cost control mechanism. Stage 6 : Implement and Monitor Life Cycle Costing Analysis Life cycle costing should have a continuous monitoring of the actual performance of an asset during its operations and maintenance and to provide feedback for future reference. 1. 4. 6) Application to industry For pharmaceutical products, the product life cycle is becoming shorter and shorter as new products keep being developed for the market demand purposes. It is not surprising that new drugs are being sold at very high prices. For example, drugs which are used to fight cancer in targeted therapy can cost a patient on average RM 20,000 to RM 200,000 per month. Again, the life cycle is short (or uncertain), and pharmaceutical companies need to pay back the initial costs in RD in a short period making high prices necessary. You can imagine how much the companies need to pay for a team of top tier scientists who have been working in the laboratory day and night for many years while developing the drug. Finally, as a short revision on life cycle costing, suppose a new cancer curing drug XXX is expected to have sales of 100,000,000 units in the coming 10 years. The selling price is targeted at RM 1,000 per unit. RD is RM 10,000,000,000, design cost is RM 500,000,000, manufacturing cost is RM 1,000,000,000, marketing RM 100,000,000, distribution costs another RM 100,000,000 and finally customer service RM 50,000,000. Find the life cycle profit for XXX as follow: RM Millions XXX Sales 100,000 RD (10,000) Design (500) Manufacturing (1000) Distribution (100) Marketing (100) Customer service (50) Life cycle profit 88,250 The life cycle profit is RM 88,250 million (or RM 88,250,000,000). It is for 10 years and thus on average every year the profit is RM 8,825 million which is quite normal for leading pharmaceutical companies. It can be seen that the total life cycle cost is RM 11,750 million and RM 10,000 million (or 85. 1%) spent on RD. CONCLUSION Life Cycle Costing can be conclude as key asset management tool which takes into account the whole of life implication on the asset starting from the cost planning, acquiring, operation maintaining and disposing. It assist in analyse not only the cost of acquiring an asset but also the costs over an asset’s life like long-term operational and maintenance costs. In addition, it will be the guidance on how long term strategic planning process, analysis, evaluation and decision making process towards the asset managements. The best expected outcome can be managed if all the relevant cost and benefits over life span of an asset is taking into account. Lastly to overall cost involve in owning, operating and maintaining an asset from the initial planning up till disposal. Thus, selecting the best alternative in order to minimize the possible cost incurred and maximizes the potential savings that can be made.